PENGAMBILAN MINYAK LIMBAH IKAN SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL MENGGUNAKAN MICROWAVE

Abstract

Fish waste in the form of heads, viscera, thorns, tails and damaged fish that are no longer suitable for consumption still contain oil. Fish waste if not processed will cause a pungent odor and disrupt the aesthetics. In this
research, fish oil waste is taken as biodiesel raw material, using extraction
method with the help of microwave and analyzed for biodiesel raw material
standards. This study aims to determine the oil content contained in fish
waste and its characteristics for biodiesel raw materials. The results showed
that the extraction time affected the amount of oil extracted. To get optimal fish waste oil concentration and good quality fish waste oil based on free fatty acid levels, saponification numbers and peroxide numbers. The optimum oil content of oil yield from fish waste is obtained 22.40% with extraction time of 40 minutes using n-hexane solvent. The results of chemical physics analysis for oil with the optimum conditions obtained include saponification numbers of 184.20 mgKOH / gr, specific gravity of 0.9225.
Composition of free fatty acid content was analyzed using GC-MS tools, the
result of the analysis showed that the dominant composition was palmitic
acid 29,89 % and lionelic  acid sebesar 42,58 %.
Keywords: fish waste oil, making biodiesel, microwave